Rectangular pot burner



Feb. 20, 1945. v 2,369,833

RECTANGULAR POT BURNER Filed Jan. 18, 1945 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Z INVENTOR 41nd, 7 4217 & Km

ATTORNEY Feb. 20, 1945. A. P. LIVAR RECTANGULAR POT BURNER 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 18, 1943 INVENTOR flllen 7. 1274) BY M $111K, 71112; 21 ATTORNEY5- Feb. 20, 1945. p, LIVAR 2,369,833

RECTANGULAR POT BURNER Filed Jal 18, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR flZLgr 7. 427411 /m 4;. wzzzkm ATTORNEYS- Patented Feb. 20, 1945 .l'er "Corporation, -.Highlan d Park, .Mich., a corporation .of Delaware Application 'Jz muaryltl, 1943, Serial No. 472,673 2 Claims (T01. 158-91) My' present' invention relates to 'liquid fuel burners of the vaporizing-typecomprising a receptacle wherein'liquid fuelisvaporized by the reflected and 'ret'ained'heat of combustion of previously combusted'fuel, thevaporized fuel is mixed with primary air admitted through a. plurality of I perforations in the side-' wall'oi' the receptacle,

and secondary ai'r'is admitted above the primary air to support-the final combustion of the rich mixture formed by the primary air, the receptacle being provided with'a' tophaving a centralized opening through which the burning mixture escapes into the'interior of aheating appliance. The primary objector the present invention is to provide a simplified form ofjcons'tructionfunctioning in'accordance with known and previously demonstrated principles of this type'of burner. This object'is'achieved in part by forming the secondary air supply opening in the formof channels provided by a pair of flanges retaining therebetween a transversely corrugated strip, the channels beingof sufficient length to imp-art defi nite direction'to the streams of secondary air.

A secondary object of the presentinvention is to provide a vaporizing burner of rectangular shape in order that aheating applianceof greater efficiency 'per pound of metal employed :may be.

used. Heretofore, vaporizingburners have ordinarily been cylindricalin shape, the shape of the flame issuing therefrom beinglsuchas-to require a cylindrical firebox. orhe'atingchamber. With my invention Iamable to employ a long, narrow receptacle having a slot through which the flame emerges in aflat sheetandwhich may be used in a narrow rectangular-heat exchanger which permitsgreater transmission of heat v per pound of metal employed. r l

Another object of. the present invention is to providev means for forming secondary air open- I ingsfor a vaporizing burner, the openings being capable of impartingv direction to the streams of secondary air, which means may be easily and economically .iormed as distinguished from prior art practices of dril-ling holes-and deforming the metal around the holes j I Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the burner taken substantially along line 22 of Fig. '1;

'Fig. 3 is, an enlarged detail of the portion of Fig. 2 encircled in the circle marked 3;

' Fig. 4 is ail-enlarged section taken substantially along line l l of Fig. 2; l t

I Fig.5 is a sectionsi ilar to the-section of Fig. 4 showing how the size of each of the-secondary airstreams may be easily altered by substituting variously shaped corrugatedstrips;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken substantially along line 66 of Fig. 2 showing a, detail of construction; v

Fig. '7 is a vertical section taken substantially along line 'l'l of Fig. 2; l H

Fig.8 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 2 illustrating a modified form of the present. invention; 7 t v Fig. 9 is a'verticalsection taken substantially along line 99,o'f Fig. 8; v Fig. 10 is an enlarged vertical section partly broken away illustrating a furthermodification of the present invention and illustratingone manner in which the present invention may be mounted in a heating appliance; I

Fig. 11 is a vertical section taken substantially along line l|--ll of Fig. 10; I Y

- Fig. 12 is a vertical sectiontaken'substantially in the plane of Fig. 3 showing a further modification in construction; I Fig. 13 is a sir ni1ar'sectionshowing a further modificatio'nj- 1 I 1 Fig. 14 is a similarview showing a further modification; and,

Fig. 15 is a sectional view along line l5 -l5 of Fig.14.

While the present invention may be used in any type of appliance, I have illustrated the invention as being associated with a warm air furnace 20 provided with a burner mounting plate 2! upon taken substantially which the burner 22 may be mounted. The

These andother objects andadvantages of the present invention will be more readily understood by reterence totheiol-l'owing specification and accompanying drawings wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout; I

In the-drawings,

Fig. 1 discloses a heating appliance having a burner embodyingthe present invention employed therein; f 1

mounting plate may also support a fuel metering device 23 adapted to admit a definite flow of liq: uid fuel through the inlet tube 24 extending into the lower portion of the interior of the burner. The mounting plate may also'support a forced draft blower 25 which may be omitted in the event that natural draft is desired. The furnace may comprise an air blower 26, if desired.

The burner of the present invention comprises a. bottom 30, which may be provided by a stamped metal dish-like member, to which vertical end walls 3| and side walls 32 are attached to form a relatively long, narrow receptacle. The burne ized slot 34 therethrough, the slot running from adjacent the top of one end wall to adjacent the top of the other-end wall and being preferably narrower than the width of the receptacle.

It is to be appreciated that the construction is preferably as described in the preceding para graph due to the ease and convenience of assembly thus afforded and the desirably shaped flame created, but that the construction may be adapted to other forms of burners, such as the ordinary cylindrical burner.

In order to provide a pilot flame for the burner, I prefer a known type of pilot device consisting of a receptacle 36 surrounding the outlet end of the tube 24 and provided with an inwardly facing pilot flame opening 31. The top of the receptacle is provided with a pluralit of perforations 38 through which air may be admitted from a pilot air inlet box 39 having a pilot air inlet tube 4i! extending therefrom through the end wall SE. The bottom wall 30 is preferably provided with a raised ridge 4| providing a dam behind which a slight pool of oil may be retained. In accordance with usual practice the metering device 23 is set to provide a minimum flow such that all of the fuel admitted during pilot operation will be vaporized within the pilot device, mixed with air emerging from th pilot air openings 38 sufliciently to support combustion, and burned as it emerges from the pilot flame opening 31. The heat of the pilot flame will heat the bottom wall 30 sufficiently for a considerable area beyond the pilot device to vaporize fuel overflowing the dam 4| when the metering device permits the full flow of fuel to cause high flame operation of the burner. It is to be appreciated that the pilot device forms no part of my present invention and that many other forms of pilot devices could successfully be employed with the present invention.

In order to support high flame combustion the side walls 32 are provided with a plurality of horizontal rows of spaced perforations 45 adapted to admit a plurality of spaced streams of primary air of combustion for admixture with the vaporized fuel rising from the lower portion of the receptacle. The induction of primary air through the openings may be due to the natural draft created by the chimney effect of the appliance or may be due to the forced draft blower 25. In accordance with known theory the primary air openings are so spaced and sized as to create streams of a rich mixture of fuel and air which tend to merge together as they rise toward the combustion opening 34.

In order to provide for secondary air sufflcient to support combustion adjacent the opening 34, and in order to assemble the top portion and the receptacle, I provide means as follows: In the preferred form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, each side wall 32 is bent outwardly and downwardly along its top edge to provide an outwardly and down wardly inclined support flange 59 A cornplementary flange is welded to the edge of the opening 34 and extends outwardly and downwardly in a direction substantially parallel to the support flange and is so proportioned as to provide a slot 52 between the two flanges. Ad- .i'acent each end of the combustion opening 3 I preferably provide an end plate 53 of such dimansions as to cover completely the ends of the slots 52. The plate 53 may be provided with a horizontal flange 54 adapted to be welded to the lower surface of the top member 33, and the complementary flanges 5| may be provided with end flanges 55 adapted to be welded to the end plate 53. The top portion is thus formed as a rigid unitary structure to which the receptacle can be readily attached and, in the event of failure of the receptacle due to overheating or other causes common to vaporizing burners, the receptacle may be easily and economically replaced. The end plate 53 may be provided with a clip bar 56 welded thereto in position to embrace the upper edge of the end wall 3! to form an air-tight assembly as illustrated in Fig. 6.

In order to provide a plurality of spaced secondary airstreams flowing through the slots 52, with which the upwardly rising mixture of fuel vapor and primary air approaching the opening 34 may be intimately mixed into a homogeneous mixture, I preferably provide a pack. consisting of a plurality of transversely corrugated strips 60 and a plain spacer strip 6!, embraced between the support flange 5D and the complementary flange 5|. Bolts 62 may be passed through openings drilled for the purpose and nuts 53 applied to hold the structure t0- gether. The width of'the strips is suflicient to provide a plurality of spaced channels 54 of suiiicient length to impart definite direction to the streams of secondary air. In the preferred form of the invention as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the channels 64 terminate exteriorly of the plane of the side wall 32 and are directed toward the edge of the combustion opening 34.

As illustrated by comparison of Fig. 5 with Fig. 4, the secondary air channels may be enlarged or decreased by changing the characteristics of the corrugated strips 66 and/or the plain strip 5!. By the simple substitution of one type of strip for another, the secondary air channels may be increased or decreased in size or may be more or less widely spaced from each other. This is of great importance in experimental work since the sizes and spacings of the secondary air inlets must be delicately balanced in relation to the size of the receptacle, the amount of fuel. the amount of primary air, and other factors; and, whereas the prior art practice of drilling holes through the wall usually required arduous substitutions of one drilled receptacle for another, the present invention permits of substantially immediate sbstitution of one type of secondary air channel for another.

In order to illustrate the adaptability of the present invention to many different theories of secondary air supply and further to illustrate various means of forming the assembly, I have shown modifications of the present invention in the figures succeeding Fig. 7.

The form of the invention llustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 comprises support flanges I50 extending upwardly and inwardly from the side wall I322. The end wall l3l extends above the secondary air slot 152 and is provided with a horizontal flange I54 which maybe welded or otherwise conveniently fastened to a top plate I33 having a combustion opening I34 formed by cutting the top plate and bendingflanges l5! downwardly and outwardly to overlie the support flanges. The flanges I51 may be long enough or may have an extension welded thereto, to provide a downwardly curved lip lying beyond the walls I32 to form air scoops for the secondary air. The corrugated and plain strip packs may be bolted in the slots 152 or otherwise fastened therein.

In the form of the invention disclosed in Figs. .10 and 11, the top 233 may comprise a casting having a combustion opening 234 therethrough surrounded, if desired, by a raised flange 80. I 'he top portion, and the receptacle depending therei from, may be supported in the heating appliance firebox 8| by resting the edges of the top portion upon a flange 82 having clips83 designed to form an air-tight joint. .The complementary flanges 251 and the end plates 253 may be cast integrally with the top plate 233. In the illus tration the support flanges 250 extend outwardly and downwardly, and the secondary air channel forming members areas previously illustrated and described. The end walls 231 may be bolted to the end plates '253 by means of bolts 84. Further combustion supporting air may be supplied by means of vertical holes 85 drilled through the top portion 233 or by other means as wellknown in the art.

In the form of the invention disclosed in Fig. 12, the side walls 332 are providedv with outwardly and downwardly extending support flanges 350, and the complementary flanges 35! are provided by fastening separate members to the top plate 333 by means of bolts 86. In this illustration the secondary air is directed against the portion of the top plate overlying the receptacle, and the secondary air is given greater turbulence by causing it to impinge and change direction.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 13, the side walls 432 are provided with horizontal inwardly extending support flanges 450, and the complementary flange portions 45! constitute horizontal portions of the top member 433. In

this form of the invention the secondary air is directed horizontally through and into the fuel mixture rising through the combustion open- In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15, the side walls 532 are provided with inwardly and downwardly extending support flanges 550, and the top member 533 is provided with complementary flanges extending inwardly and downwardly so that the edge of the combustion opening 534 overlies the secondary air inlet channels. The top member 533 may be provided with an end plate 553 adapted to be bolted to the end wall 53!. by bolts 81. I have here illustrated that a single corrugated strip may be used to provide a single row of secondary air inlet channels 64.

It is to be appreciated that any of the details of construction illustrated in regard to one modiflcation may be used in another modification, the purpose of showing 50 many modifications being clearly to demonstratethe wide range of adaptability of the present invention comprising essentially the use of corrugated strips to provide secondary air channels of considerable length with respect to their greatest cross dimension.

Having illustrated and described several modiflcations of the present invention, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the same permits of various modifications in arrangement and detail. All such modifications as come within the scope of the following claim are considered a part of my invention.

Iclaimt '1. An oil burner ofthe fuel vaporizing type comprising a receptacle having means to admit liquid fuel into the lower portion thereof to be vaporized therein, said receptacle comprising a side wall and a top portion having a centralized opening therethrough from which thevaporized fuel escapes during the combustion thereof, at least a portion of said side wall being provided with a plurality of spaced perforations to admit streams of primary air .of combustion for admixture with the vaporized fuel and with a support flange adjacent its upper edge above said perforations, a'complementary flange extending from said top portion in a plane substantially parallel to the flange of said'wall portion, and a transversely'corrugated strip retained between said support flange and said complementary flange to provide a plurality of secondary air supply inlet channels of sufficient length to impart definite direction to the plurality of spaced streams of secondary air of combustion admitted thereing, said support flange lying in a plane extending outwardly and downwardly inclined from said side wall whereby the channels supplying secondary air direct the secondaryairstreams'upwardly and inwardly toward said centralized opening and terminate outside of said vertical wall.

2. An oil burner of the fuel vaporizing type comprising a substantially rectangular receptacle having means to admit liquid fuel into the lower portion thereof to be vaporized therein, said receptacle com-prising relatively narrow end walls, relatively long side walls and a top portion havinga centralized long and narrow opening therethrough from which the vaporized fuel escapes during the combustion thereof, each of said side.

walls being provided with a plurality of spaced perforations to admit streams of primary air of combustion for admixture with the vaporized fuel and with asupport flange adjacent its upper edge above said perforations, a pair of complementary flanges extending from said top portion in planes substantially parallel to the flanges of said wall portions, and a transversely corrugated strip retained between each of said support flanges and said complementary flanges to provide a row of secondary air supply inlet channelsextendingalong the top of each of said side walls, said channels being of sufiicient length'to impart definite direction to the plurality of spaced streams of secondary air of combustion admitted therethrough into the mixture of vaporized fuel and primary air approaching said centralized opening, said support flanges lying in planes extending outwardly and downwardly inclined from said side walls whereby the channels supplying secondary air direct the secondary airstreams upwardly and inwardly toward said centralized opening and terminate outside'of said vertical wall.

ALLEN P. LIVAR. 

